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An Archangel is seen as a high ranking angel. The predominant religions of Christianity, Judaism and Islam all acknowledge some form of archangel and there is a consensus that there were four archangels. Michael, Gabriel, and Raphael are recognized by both the Hebrew and Christian faiths as archangels, although the archangel Michael is the only one explicitly named in the Bible. Gabriel and Raphael are subjects within the Book of Tobias and the Book of Luke, respectively, canonical writings of the Roman Catholic Church not officially recognized by Protestants. While Christians view Uriel as the last and fourth angel, Islam bestows this distinction on Azrael.
All of these religions acknowledge the concept of an archangel, but the definition varies widely between religions, with Judaism and Catholicism giving archangels greater credibility. Both Judaism and Catholicism recognize eight archangels, although Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, and Uriel are considered to be of high status. Protestants recognize Michael as an important Archangel, but do not emphasize others. While angels appeared in the Bible as far back as Genesis in the Old Testament, their visibility and role increased substantially in the New Testament. Artists of the Renaissance period favored the Archangel as a subject creating statues and paintings of the Archangel in abundance. This is likely to have contributed to its enduring popularity and importance over the past few centuries.
Archangel Michael
Michael was considered as the Head of the Order of Virtues, Prince of the Presence, Head of the Archangels, the Angel of Repentance, Justice, Mercy and Sanctification. He is also Ruler of the 4th Heaven and Conqueror of Satan. In Revelation (20:1), it is Michael who descends from Heaven with a “key to the Abyss and holding in his hand a great chain.” In this passage, it is the Archangel Michael who leads an Army of Angels to give sixteen years to the devil who appears in the form of a dragon and binds him for a thousand years. Michael is described as the Prince of Light in the Dead Sea Scrolls as one of the “Sons of Light” who will fight the “Sons of Darkness”. The Book of Daniel foretells the return of Michael when the world is again in trouble to lead the world out of darkness.
Michael is considered the patron saint of soldiers and offers law enforcement. This is because of his role as the Field Commander of God’s Army.
archangel Gabriel
Gabriel is the Angel of the Annunciation, Resurrection, Mercy, Vengeance, Death and Revelation. The archangel Gabriel appears for the first time in the book of Daniel at the time when the Jews were exiled by Nebuchadnezzar II to Babylon. He appears in human form to help Daniel understand the meaning of visions from him that predict the End of Days. In the Gospel of Luke, it is Gabriel who acts as God’s messenger and announces to Mary that she will give birth to a son of God whom he will call Jesus, a moment frequently captured in paintings such as the Annunciation.
Although Gabriel is frequently depicted with a trumpet that he will blow to herald the beginning of the End of Days and again to initiate the Resurrection, this is not recounted in any version of the Bible. The first image of Gabriel with a trumpet is found in an Armenian text from the mid-15th century. Gabriel’s horn first appears in an English text in Milton’s 1667 epic poem Paradise Lost. The horn has become closely associated with Gabriel and is now part of modern identity.
Archangel Raphael
Raphael can be found in the Book of Tobias, a religious writing recognized by the Catholic and Orthodox Christian churches although not in the Hebrew Bible. Archangel Raphael is considered the angel or “god” of healing. In the Book of Tobias, he is sent by God to cure Tobias of his blindness and to act as Tobias’s protector in human form during a journey on foot. Rafael is one of the six Angels of Repentance, Angel of Prayer, Love, Joy and Light. Catholic teachings venerate him as Saint Michael, the patron saint of medical workers and those who travel.
Archangel Uriel
Uriel is seen as the protector of the Gate of Eden and the angel who watches over thunder and terror. He is found primarily in pseudepigraphic and apocalyptic literature, often depicted holding a flaming sword and the keys to the gates of hell. Although not found in the Bible, he is part of a series of apocryphal works and is considered the “fourth” representing the four cardinal directions along with Michael, Gabriel, and Raphael.
Uriel holds the titles Angel of the Presence, Angel of the Face, Prince of the Presence, Angel of Glory, and Angel of Sanctification. Along with Suriel, Jehol, Zagagel, Akatriel, Metatron, Yefefiah, Satanel, Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, and Nathanel, Uriel is allowed to enter God’s presence. He is often shown holding a scroll that represents wisdom and is the patron saint of the Arts.